Hardik's theorem states that when two successive numbers are multiplied, the product obtained is closer to the square of the smaller number than the square of the bigger number, and the difference between the product and the smaller square is smaller by one unit than the difference between the bigger square and the product. For example, take two numbers 3 & 4 3 x 4 = 12 3^2 = 9 4^2 = 16 (3 x 4) - (3^2) = 12 - 9 = 3 (4^2) - (3 x 4) = 16 - 12 = 4 3 < 4 4 - 3 = 1 Quad Erad Demonstratum